Comparative studies on genome organization and evolution of some fish and crustacean species
Research article: Comparative studies on genome organization and evolution of some fish and crustacean species
Author (s): A.U. Abdulazimova1, K.G. Gasimov2, M.A. Abbasov3, T.A. Samadova2, I.A. Shahmuradov1, 2*
1 Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnologies, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, 11 Izzat Nabiyev Str., Baku AZ 1073, Azerbaijan;
2 Institute of Biophysics, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, 117 Academician Zahid Khalilov Str., Baku AZ1141, Azerbaijan;
3 Genetic Resources Institute, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, 155 Azadlig Ave.,
Baku AZ 1106, Azerbaijan
*For correspondence: ilhambaku@gmail.com
Received: October 22, 2020; Received in revised form: March 18, 2021; Accepted: April 05, 2021
Abstract
Cellular functions are carried out by complexes of coordinately functioning proteins. Understanding genome organization and gene functions in diverse organisms can reveal new insights into the evolution of the coordinated gene expression mechanisms. It is suggested that gene sets of different species may be mostly similar, while regulatory mechanisms of the gene expression are expected to be evolved in the species-specific manner. In this work, the genome-wide peculiarities of organization, transcription and evolution of 5 fish and 4 crustacean species were explored. The interspecies BLAST comparison of annotated protein sets revealed that inter-species protein diversity of crustaceans varies in much wider range. Moreover, in some cases, comparing with the crustaceans-crustaceans homology, the crustaceans-fish protein conservation seems to be higher. A search for possible traces of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in the nuclear genome of 8 crustacean and fish species discovered that only one crustacean and one fish species (Armadillidium vulgare and Carassius auratus) have quite long (³500 bp) insertions of mtDNA in the nuclear genome, including the almost complete insertion of the organelle DNA in the C. auratus nuclear genome. Exploring the promoter architecture of 8 crustacean and fish nuclear genes revealed that (1) most of protein genes have, at least, one putative bidirectional promoter, and (2) hundreds of genes in these genomes are organized closely in the Head-to-Head manner with a potential BDP between them. It is concluded that BDPs may play a key role in the coordinated transcription of the crustacean and fish genes involved in the same cellular processes.
Keywords: Fish, crustaceans, mtDNA, bidirectional promoter, Head-to-Head genes
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