Fauna of Karabakh and liberated territories and prospects of reintroduction of some largest mammals A.G. Eyvazov

Research article: Fauna of Karabakh and liberated territories and prospects of reintroduction of some largest mammals.

Author (s): A.G. Eyvazov.

Journal of Life Sciences & Biomedicine, vol. 3(76), No 2, p. 33-40 (2021)

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29228/jlsb.18  

Institute of Zoology, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, A. Abbaszadeh Str., 504 Block, 1128 Pass., Baku AZ 1004, Azerbaijan

For correspondence:  eyvazov.aladdin@mail.ru 

Received: September 10, 2021; Received in revised form: September 27, 2021; Accepted: October 08, 2021

The article clarifies the fauna of Karabakh and the liberated territories and the reintroduction of some large mammals to historical sites on the basis of available literature. Based on the literature data, 56 species of insect fauna in Karabakh and the liberated territories are rare, endemic and endangered. Of the 53 species and subspecies of fish found in the water basins of the Azerbaijani part of the Lesser Caucasus, 7 species are included in the Red Data Book of Azerbaijan (2013), and 4 species are included in the IUSN Red List. 4 out of 11 species of amphibians belonging to the batrachafauna of Azerbaijan and 35 out of 63 species of reptiles belonging to the herpetofauna are found in these areas. Of the 367 species of birds that existed in Azerbaijan before the occupation, 200 species were found in these areas (Currently, Azerbaijan's ornithofauna consists of 407 species of birds.). At present, 115 species of mammals have been registered in Azerbaijan. Before the occupation, 75 mammal species belonging to 6 orders were registered in the territory of Karabakh. Before the occupation, 24 species were included in the "Red Book" of Azerbaijan (2013). In the liberated areas, it is possible to begin the recovery of the population of some of the species of several largest mammals that have recently become extinct (Gazelle - Gazella subgutturosa Guldenstaedt, 1778, Caucasian noble deer - Cervus elaphusOgilbu, 1870, Chamois - Rupicapra rupicapra Linnaeus, 1758). Historical conditions have been created for the study of the liberated territories and the reintroduction of the listed populations to their historical areas: territories of Aghdam, Fizuli, Jabrayil, Zangilan, where gazelle possibly exists, Caucasian red deer can be found in the territories of Kalbajar, Lachin, Gubadli and Zangilan districts, chamois in the Murovdag range. 

Keywords: Azerbaijan, Karabakh, fauna, fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals, reintroduction, Red Book

REFERENCES 

1. Red Book of the Republic of Azerbaijan (2013) Rare and endangered species. Second edition. Baku, 519 p. 

2. Guliyev S.M. (1998) Caucasian deer (Cervus elaphus) and many (Rupicarpa rupicarpa) current state and protection of Azerbaijan. Materials of the conference on diaspora and environmental protection in Azerbaijan Baku: Elm, p. 126-129. 

3. Guliyev S.M. (2003) Natural habitat of bivalve fauna in Azerbaijan's Minor Caucasus natural region - Problems of sleep and protection. Materials of the First Congress of the Azerbaijan Zoological Society. Baku: Elm, p. 451-459. 

4. Guliyev S.M. (2004) Jeyran. History and former habitat of goitered gazelles (Gazelle subgutturosa) in Azerbaijan Prospects for their restoration. Tibilisi, 19 p. 

5. Guliyev S.M. (2007) Modern ecology of the Caucasian bridge in Azerbaijan. Situation and measures of protection. News of ANAS, biology series. Baku: Science: 88-97. 

6. Guliyev S.M. (2008) Fauna of double species of Azerbaijan. Baku: Science and Education, 224 p. 

7. Guliev S.M. (2013) Migration of the Caucasian red deer (Cervus elaphus maral Ogilbu, 1810) in Azerbaijan, Proceedings of the Zoo Institute of Logic, 31 (1): 143-148. 

8. Guliyev S.M. (2015) Ecology of wild amphibians in Azerbaijan, natural resources, wildlife protection and efficient use. Abstract of the dissertation of Doctor of Biological Sciences, Baku, 48 p. 

9. Guliyev S.M., Askerov E.K. (2011) For the first time in Azerbaijan, the reintroduction of gazelles into their historical habitats and new methods of reproduction in semi-free conditions. Proceedings of the Institute of Zoology, 29: 115-121. 

10. Musaev M.A., Guliev S.M., Guliev G.N. (2010) Ecological safety of mammals in Azerbaijan Actual problems Akyr. Proceedings of the Azerbaijan Zoological Society, p. 919-922. 

11. Abdurakhmanov Yu.A. (1966) Fauna of Azerbaijan. Fish. Baku: Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences. SSR, 223 p. 

12. Alekperov Kh.M. (1966) Dairy feeding in Southwestern Azerbaijan. Baku: AN AzSSR: 144 p. 

13. Alekperov Kh.M., Kuliev S.M. (1982) Rare species of pigeons in Azerbaijan and ways of their conservation. In the book; Biological aspects of the protection of rare animals. M.: s. 3-6. 

14. Aliev F.F. (1965) Deer of the Azerbaijan SSR. The work of the Institute of Zoology Az. SSR, 25: 175-202. 

15. Aliev T.R. (1974) Tired Serpents of Azerbaijan: Author. diss. frank. biol. Science, Baku: 22:00. 

16. Asadov S.M. (1960) Helminth fauna of ruminants of the USSR and its ecological and geographical analysis. Baku: AN AzSSR: 510 p. 

17. Akhmedov Ch.B. (1981) Distribution and ecology of the golden Mabuya aurata L.1758 (Reptilia, Sauria, Scinidae) in the Caucasus. Izv. OH. Azerbaijan. SSR, sir. biol. Science, 5: 42-46. 

18. Vereshchagin N.K. (1937) Modern condition of goitered gazelle in the Milky-Karabakh steppe. Baku: FANSR, 2: 155-174. 

19. Vereshchagin N.K. (1939) Goitered gazelle (Gazelle subgutturosa Gueld) in Azerbaijan. tr. Zoological Institute AzFAN, Baku: 109-122. 

20. Vereshchagin N.K. (1940) Goitered gazelle (Gazell subgutturosa Gueld) in Azerbaijan. J. Nature, 4: 18-27. 

21. Vereshchagin N.K. (1942) Catalog of animals of Azerbaijan. Baku: Az. FAN SSR, 95 p. 

22. Vereshchagin N.K. (1947) Add To Selected Hunting and fishing animals of the Caucasus. Baku: AN AzSSR, 95: 3-144. 

23. Vereshchagin N.K. (1951) Milky Way. Living world of Azerbaijan. Baku: Ed. Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences, CSR, p. 84-251. 

24. Vereshchagin N.K. (1959) Mammals of the Caucasus. The history of the formation of the fauna. M.-L. :704. 

25. Gadzhiev D.V. (1977). Change of species of endangered mammals of Azerbaijan in the Quaternary period under the influence of anthropogenic factors. The work of the reserves of Azerbaijan. Baku: Azerbaijan publishing house. (4): 108-128. 

26. Dementiev G.P. (1933). Roe. M.-L.: KOIZ, 52 p. 

27. Dementiev G.N. (1945). To the fauna of terrestrial vertebrates of southwestern Turkmenistan. Teaching notes of Moscow State University, 83: 42-49. 

28. Jafarova S.K. (1981). Herpetofauna of arid landscapes of the Lesser Caucasus within Azerbaijan. V All-Union herpes. conference, Ashgabat: 22:00 

29. Jafarova S.K. (1982) Ecological-zoogeographic-Czech review of the herpetofauna of the Lesser Caucasus. Within Azerbaijan. On Sat. "Fauna and ecology of terrestrial and aquatic animals of the Kura-Araks lowland and the Lesser Caucasus", Baku: ASU, 52 p. 

30. Jafarova S.K., Alekperov A.M. (1979) Border ranges of some species densified in the Lesser Caucasus. VII All-Union Zoogeographic Conference. Moscow, 1979: 5-7. 

31. Dyukov N.K. (1930) Jeyran. J. Hunter, 12:42–59. 

32. Ischunin G.A. (1956) Jeyran. Hunting and hunting economy, 8: 12-19. 

33. Kuliev S.M. (1981) Rare species of pigeons in Azerbaijan and ways of their conservation. Biological aspects of the protection of rare animals. M.: s. 3-6. 

34. Kuliev S.M. (2011) Current status of gazelles (Gazella subguttorosa Guld., 1780) in Azerbaijan and its protection. theriofauna 

35. Russian Territories: IX Congress of Theological Research, p. 266. 

36. Kuliev S.M., Askerov E.K. (2010) Goitered gazelle in Azerbaijan (Gazella subguttorosa Guld.) and prospects for the restoration of its population. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of Azerbaijan, p. 889-896. 

37. Kuliev S.M., Askerov E.K. (2012) The current state of the Red Book species of predators and herbivores in Azerbaijan. Bulletin of the Perm University. Biology Series, 2: 51-56. 

38. Kuzmin I.F., Shadilov Yu.M., Kuliev S.M. (1985) Air metering experience of Jeyran in Shirvan Reserve and Bandovan Reserve. Materials of the All-Union Seminar of VDNKh, p. 84-87. 

39. Mambetzhumaev A. (1955) Biology of the gazelle. Author's abstract. cand. dis. ed. Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR. Tashkent: 22nd century 

40. Mamedova S.A., Nasirov A.M. (1975) To the ichthyofauna of the river. Akara, Basidchay, Ochuchay. Three. notes ASU them. CM. Kirova, 2: 49-53. 

41. Novikov A.G. (1949) Field studies of the ecology of terrestrial vertebrae. M.: Council. Science, 602 p. 

42. Safarov M.A. (1961) Results of accounting for the number of gazelles in Azerbaijan. News of the Academy of Sciences of the AzSSR. 8:51-55. 

43. Flerov K.I. (1935) Dry animals of Tajikistan. In the book: Beasts of Tajikistan, L.: Ed. USSR Academy of Sciences, p. 20-35. 

44. Guliev S.M. (1998) Current status of conservation measures for Gazella subgutturosa and Ovis orientalis in Azerbaijan. 2nd International symp. on physiology and ethology of wild and zoo animals. Berlin. Germany, p. 79.